DATA.NASA.GOV is NASA's clearinghouse site for open-data provided to the public.

Astronomy tagged high-quality public datasets. Collected in preparation for AI projects.

The Meteoritical Society collects data on meteorites landings. This dataset, taken from public available NASA datasets, includes the location, mass, composition, and fall year for over 45,000 meteorites that have struck our planet.

The Earth Science Data Systems (ESDS) Program provides open access to NASA’s archive of Earth science data, empowering researchers and decision makers to better understand and protect our home planet.

NASA content generally are not copyrighted. You may use this material for educational or informational purposes.

The PDS archives and distributes scientific data from NASA planetary missions, astronomical observations, and laboratory measurements.

https://ourworldindata.org/space-exploration-satellites#all-charts  Free creative commons charts.

The PlanetScope constellation of 430+ Dove and SuperDove satellites is able to image nearly all Earth's land every day. User needs to register.

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey, or SDSS, is an international collaboration of scientists gathering data from two telescopes in North and South America to build the most detailed Three-Dimensional Imagery of the Universe ever made. The SDSS has produced deep multi-color images of one third of the sky, and created spectra of more than three million astronomical objects.SciServer is an NSF-supported project to build a big data platform that brings the computing to the data for extremely large datasets